Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the five thermoplastic universal plastics, has a wide range of applications in various fields, because of its outstanding durability and comprehensive performance advantages, as well as unique technical and economic characteristics, broad prospects for development. But it has poor thermal stability, low toughness at room temperature and is easy to fracture when impacted. Manufacturing high-performance PVC materials, especially high toughness PVC alloy, need to add toughening ingredients, that is, impact resistance modifier; Polyvinyl chloride belongs to polar polymer, melt viscosity, low thermal stability, not easy to high temperature plasticizing, for high strength non-plasticizing polyvinyl chloride material processing, the need to use plasticizing processing additives, so that the processing performance is improved.
This study aimed at the requirement of high performance of PVC material, the use of acrylic monomers, respectively with core-shell structure was synthesized polyacrylic ester (ACR), impact modifiers and polyacrylate plasticizing processing AIDS, by acrylic ester with chitosan (CTS) graft copolymerization, obtain copolymerization modified additives with shock and antibacterial functions. In this study, butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) as soft and hard monomers, potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator, through the method of seed emulsion polymerization synthesis of soft core and hard shell anti-impact modifier I-ACR, chitosan (CTS) as a natural antibacterial agent, contains a variety of functional groups, highly reactive, can be oxidized, reduced, Grafting and other reactions. By comparing the properties of various chitosan, water-soluble chitosan with good properties was selected. Cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) was used to initiate chitosan to produce free radicals, and graft copolymerization reaction with MMA occurred.
Rinneadh an modhnóir frith-thionchair CTS-ACR a shintéisiú trí chomhpholaiméiriú grafta monaiméirí chitosan agus aicriligh a bhfuil airíonna antibacterial acu. Ag glacadh le hábhar soladach eibleachta, ráta glóthach, ráta comhshó monaiméir agus airíonna meicniúla ACR ar PVC mar innéacsanna, tionchair eiblitheora, thionscnóir agus dáileog, cóimheas beathaithe monaiméir crua agus bog, teocht polaiméirithe agus am imoibrithe ar airíonna ACR den dá. Rinneadh imscrúdú ar chórais chun na coinníollacha sintéise is fearr a chinneadh agus iarracht a dhéanamh ar mhodhanna atá éasca le púdar a thriomú. Bhí speictreascópacht infridhearg (IR) ag baint le struchtúr ACR, rinneadh imscrúdú ar theochtaí trasdula gloine iolracha trí chalraiméadracht dhifreálach scanadh teirmeach (DSC), agus tomhaiseadh méid na gcáithníní agus dáileadh eibleachta ag anailísí léasair ar mhéid na gcáithníní. Rinneadh an chabhair phróiseála P-ACR a bhfuil meáchan móilíneach ard aige a shintéisiú trí pholaiméiriú eibleachta agus an slaodacht shainiúil mar phríomhinnéacs.
The preparation and properties of P - ACR test: with BA, MMA as the monomer, potassium persulfate as initiator, synthesis of P - ACR resin by using the method of emulsion polymerization, with P - characteristic viscosity of ACR resin as the main index, the various factors in the emulsion polymerization system and the relationship between polymer molecular weight, get used to this system the following conclusions: (1) appropriate emulsifier The molecular weight of P-ACR can be increased by adding more emulsifiers, but too much emulsifier is not conducive to the increase of molecular weight. (2) The increase of initiator concentration will decrease the molecular weight of P-ACR; (3) Low polymerization temperature is beneficial to increase the molecular weight of P-ACR; (4) Prolonging the reaction time can increase the molecular weight of P-ACR under the improved polymerization process; (5) With the increase of BA feed quantity, p-ACR molecular quantity increases. Three kinds of polyacrylate polymers were blended with polyvinyl chloride to obtain the blend material. The effects of mixing time and temperature on mechanical properties of PVC/ACR blends were tested.
Rinneadh tástáil ar fhriotaíocht tionchair, airíonna teanntachta agus friotaíocht teasa PVC arna mhodhnú le modhnóir tionchair ACR éagsúla. Breathnaíodh scaipeadh an chumaisc trí mhicreascóp leictreon a scanadh, agus breathnaíodh bristeadh brittle nó insínte de chuid an tionchair den chumasc. Is léir gur féidir leis an dá mhodhnóir tionchair ACR feabhas a chur ar fhriotaíocht tionchair PVC. De réir mar a thagann méadú ar líon na n-ACR, méadaíonn déine PVC, agus tá airíonna meicniúla I-ACR beagán níos fearr ná airíonna meicniúla CTS-ACR. Tástáladh airíonna antibacterial na n-ábhar PVC/CTS-ACR, agus fuarthas amach go raibh airíonna antibacterial den scoth ag an ábhar cumaisc. Fuarthas amach gur léir gur féidir le P-ACR maoin phróiseála PVC a fheabhsú. Dá mhéad P{4}}ACR, is amhlaidh is fearr an t-airí próiseála atá ag PVC.
